Start with the load

Thermal design starts with what will be installed — and what may follow. Density per rack and per hall shapes every later decision.

Choose the architecture

Direct-to-chip, rear-door heat exchange and air cooling each suit different conditions. Many facilities combine them.

Plan for change

Equipment generations change faster than buildings. Header sizes, valve positions and spare connections give a design room to adapt.

Design for operation

A system that is hard to maintain will not stay well maintained. Access, isolation and documentation are design decisions.